Conflict and culture Essay

Conflict is an integral part of human culture. When a number of people of interact with their own individual perspectives, view points, ideologies, cultural and social backgrounds and intellectual development then differences and debates are bound to arise as a logical and inevitable consequence of the interaction (Killian and Pammer Jr. 2003, 3). These differences, acted upon by incompatible interests of attaining personal goals, change into conflict within groups, societies and nations. (Rahim, 2001,1) The greater the diversity and richer the profile of a society, the greater is the scope and range of its embedded conflict. Therefore it is essential to educate people on understanding and handling conflict and treat as an integral component of a democratic society that is important for developing a healthy social life (Killian and Pammer Jr. 2003, 3). In every conflict, whether it is individual or at social scale, culture has always an important role to play. Depending upon the actors involved and the context of conflict, the role of culture in conflict can be direct or subtle, but it is always present as the ultimate factor in deciding the scope of conflict, its direction or its outcome. Culture even decides the existence of conflict, for people who are embedded in the culture of seeing world as a harmonious entity, may not be aware of any conflict through their life. In all the major disputes, debates and disagreement taking place around world, differences in cultural identities and perceptions are fundamental causative factors. A further evidence of the role that culture plays is evinced by peace and harmony existing among societies that have same culture, such as observed between USA and Britain, sharing same historical and cultural roots. Every conflict, whether it is trans-generational, geographical, religious, organizational, or personal, has a cultural component involved. People enshrined in their own culture often react with hostility against any cultural identity that appears contrary to their thought process and ideas. It follows therefore that any effort of conflict resolution needs to incorporate cultural understanding and acknowledge the existence and necessity of diversity (ibid).

Football teams for the prison inmates Essay

Starting in the early 1930’s, state penitentiary facilities began forming football teams for the inmates. Because many people of that time thought this was inappropriate, prison football teams did not become common until the 1970’s. They play a 16-game season in the fall and have a prison Super Bowl in December. Each facility has 3 teams of 25 players each, with 8 players per team on the field at a time (5 linemen and 3 backs) instead of the usual 11, due to the smaller fields. The convicts compete with the teams within the prison, as well as with teams from other prisons within the state, and willing semi-pro teams. The coaches and players are selected by the facility officials after tryouts, some of which who make it on the teams actually having experience from college and pro football leagues before incarceration. The equipment is donated by state colleges and high schools, and ultimately does not cost the prison hardly any money. But do the full-contact games ever get out of hand? â€Å"In the beginning, almost every game ended in a fistfight. But I think the program is more organized and better supervised now. Overall, the players display good sportsmanship, while at the same time venting a lot of frustrations† says prison guard and referee, Stan Cioccia. So what could prison football be compared to? Babe Wood, prison athletics director at the Tennessee State Prison, has an answer. â€Å"I’d say teams are equal to a junior college team. Once there was a player here from Memphis who could have made any major college team in the country. It’s so sad to see a talent like that wasted. † But what thoughts do students have on a prison football league? â€Å"I think it’s probably better that the inmates are relieving tension through football, as opposed to beating up each other† answered Briana Egger (10). However, Parents of the students had different opinions. â€Å"If you committed a crime bad enough to get yourself into the state penitentiary, then I don’t think you should have the privilege of playing sports† countered Carla Murphy.

An Analysis Into The Uk Food Retail Industry Marketing Essay

An Analysis Into The Uk Food Retail Industry Marketing Essay The analysis will begin with a presentation of the food retail industry and a highlight of its significant features. Furthermore, to assess the remote environment of the industry a PEST analysis will be conducted, analysing the political, economical, social and technological factors that affect the industry. Furthermore, a Porter’s 5 forces analysis will be used to evaluate the operating environment and the nature of competition. Moreover the major competitors and their competition strategies will be identified. Additionally, the effect of the remote and operating environment on the players of the industry will be highlighted. Also, a critical analysis of the industry’s strength and its future will be presented. Finally, a critical evaluation on the used business analysis techniques will be illustrated. 2 .Industry profile The UK food retail industry is an established sector of the UK economy. During the last thirty years the food retail corporations expanded their act ivities to serve various consumer needs. The products that are provided to the public include food and its sub-products, but also alcohol, tobacco, health and beauty products, clothing, electrical products, homeware, fuel and financial services. However, according to the Mintel report 2009, more than half of the total sales in 2008 were assigned to food. Furthermore, concerning the size of the industry an increasing trend of sales can be observed of about 4% per year from 2004 to 2008 and a total amount of 108.1 billion pounds in 2008 (National Statistics – Mintel report 2009). The food retail industry is mainly controlled by large supermarket chains that possess the overwhelming majority of the industry’s market share, as it will be analysed further in the report. Concerning the size diversification of the retail stores, the majority are large units like hypermarkets, supermarkets and discounters with a percentage of 62% of the total number of stores. Furthermore, sma ll units as convenience stores and gas stations represent the 21.2% and food and drink specialists the 11.3%. The minority are drug stores, warehouses and cash and carry stores (Datamonitor 2009). 3. PEST analysis Macro-environment To analyse the macro-environment or otherwise known remote environment of the food retail industry, a PEST analysis will be used to specify how Political and legal, Economical, Social and Technological issues affect the industry. 3.1 Political There are many political and legal factors that affect the food retail industry. Future political decisions concerning taxation or the retail industry legislation will definitely have an impact in the industry competitors’ policies and strategies. The current legislation and regulation concern competition, employment, environmental, food and grocery safety, financial services and health issues. Specifically, the UK food retailers are obliged to follow food hygiene legislation set by the Food Standards Agency and the equivalent European Union regulation such as the General Food Law Regulation. In the UK the food safety act of 1990 was enacted to set the food safety requirements for food intended for human consumption. The Food Standards Agency was created in 2000 after the food standards act of 1999, which was enacted to further secure the public health related to food safety (Office of Public Sector Information, 1999). The UK food retailers are obliged to follow the above regulations in conjunction with the General Food Regulations 2004 that set the rules about the transportation, distribution, quality, hygiene, maintenance, advertising and selling of food and its substances.

Analytical report on the importance of the USA to the Qatarairways Essay

Analytical report on the importance of the USA to the Qatarairways future prospects - Essay Example This can be signified by the airline’s 2014 business strategy in which it plans to launch its services in Fort Worth, Dallas. Experts suggest that once this service will be initiated then the competition of Gulf Airlines in USA will significantly increase. Here, it should be noted that Qatar Airlines already operate in Washington Dulles and New York JFK from its capital city Doha. However, its services in Dallas will start a new round of competition between three major airlines including Etihad Airways, Emirates and Qatar Airways (Emirates, Etihad and Qatar Airways: Dallas becomes the hub crossroad for all three Gulf airlines, 2013). New flight will also serve as the basis for new relationship between two countries. Furthermore, it will increase feed benefits from the Gulf countries to the United States markets and domestic network particularly located at central and Latin America. These will subsequently increase connecting opportunities for Qatar in US while also increasing its revenue. In this perspective, Dallas will play a significant role as the state is located near the Exxon Mobil, the oil giant in Texas. Exxon Mobil is actually a significant source of providing oil for local traffic airlines specifically associated with Dallas. Based on these factors it can be safely said that US economy and its resources are highly significant for Qatar Airways (Emirates, Etihad and Qatar Airways: Dallas becomes the hub crossroad for all three Gulf airlines, 2013). American Airlines are associated with a U.S. anchor which further forms One World Frequent – Flier Alliance. This alliance invited Qatar Airways to become its part and the company accepted this offer in 2012 (Mutzabaugh, 2012). The CEO of Qatar Airways substantiated this attempt by the airline by mentioned that alliances play a major role in the modern airline industry which is expected to continue

American Value Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Value - Essay Example These are sets of values that we believe we, as a society, should, and often do, live by. Interestingly enough, even our entertainment industry propagates and furthers those values. In the movie, The Shawshank Redemption, also there were certain â€Å"American values.† The movie is based on a Stephen King novella by the name of Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption. It revolves around the friendship of two inmates at the Shawshank State Penitentiary, Andy and Red. Andy is a banker convicted of murdering his wife and her lover, though he always maintains his innocence. Red is known to smuggle contraband in the penitentiary, and he gets Andy a rock hammer and a poster of Rita Hayworth. The jail warden uses Andy’s skills as a banker to launder money the former makes through kickbacks and selling prison labor cheaply. When a fellow inmate, Tommy, tells Andy that he knows of another penitentiary’s inmate who had confessed to killing Andy’s wife and her lover, Andy takes the information to the Warden. However, the Warden is scared that his fraud will be revealed in case of Andy’s release, therefore, he has Tommy killed. Later, Andy escapes and exposes the Warden as a result of which the Warden kills himself. Red, upon his parole, goes to Mexico, where Andy has escaped to, and reunites with his friend. The movie touches upon the concept of justice, a value we Americans hold highly.

The effect of domestic law in international courts and tribunals Essay

The effect of domestic law in international courts and tribunals - Essay Example The paper tells that the international court is to apply â€Å"judicial decisions and teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law†. The development of law with regards to the consultation with domestic law is ambiguous and an extent cannot be declared as such. However various pleadings brought before the ICJ are replete with myriad references to legal literature and case laws. In this regards it is noteworthy that the proceedings of international courts and tribunals are often replete with judicial decisions as well as juristic writings. These are discussed below in greater detail as per their influence on the proceedings of international courts and tribunals. During the proceedings of international courts and tribunals, the decisions of international courts and municipal courts as well as publications of academics can be referred to. These references are not as sources of law but rather as means to recognise various laws established through other sources. The actual practice of the ICJ is not to refer to domestic decisions but even then the ICJ does invoke its own previous case laws. International law does not recognise the rule of stare decisis. The decision of any international court or tribunal has no binding force of any kind except that recognised by the contesting parties. Such recognition is only valid for the particular case under consideration as per Article 59 of the statute of the ICJ. ... teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations† serve as beacons for â€Å"subsidiary means for the determination of the rules of law†. Although the works of various prominent jurists are not considered as source of international law but they are considered indispensable to developing rules that are sourced from custom, treaties as well as general principles of law even those derived from the decisions of domestic courts. Such principles are accepted practice for the interpretation of international law in various cases. One such case that was utilised by an international court was the decision by the United States Supreme Court in the Paquete Habana case (175 US (1900) 677 at 700-1). 2. Conclusion Conclusively it can be said that the decisions of domestic courts are considered by international courts and tribunals but this practice is limited when compared to other sources of international law. The varying legal principles in use by different na tions restrict the use of decisions made by domestic courts in international law. â€Å"Does the Court need to consider in order for a rule to be established as customary, if there must be absolute conformity and practice with the rule or is it enough that there is a general consistency†. Do you agree with this statement? 1. Introduction When international law is considered it must be kept in mind that rules can be established as customary even if there is only general consistency with the rule and not absolute conformity. It must also be noted that absolute conformity is not possible when considering international law because states hold their interests supreme. Moreover nations cannot be forced to accept decisions taken under international law and instead international law is practiced through wilful

Live-Action American Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Live-Action American Film - Essay Example Thereafter when the posse moves out of the train, the director transitions the angle of the camera to ensure that it is level with the Posse however that the camera has been positioned behind them which mean that the audience only sees their backs (Dirks 1). Hill subsequently changes to the use of a telephoto lens to show that the posse is far creating a scenario where they do not tire of the chase thereby creating an image that is familiar. The telephoto lens ensures that the identity of the posse is not revealed to the audience and ensures that the audience can only relate to Butch and Kid. This is because the director has created a sense of the unknown and makes the audience want to know more about the posse (Dirks 1). The use of a zoom feature is used to ensure that the audience feels that they are a part of the fast chase. In one of the chase scenes, the camera zooms in on the posse then slowly zooms out to the location where Butch and Kid who are climbing up a mountainside not too far from the posse and therefore the audience can see how fast the posse is gaining on them(Dirks 1). Another example of the manner in which Hill makes inventive use of storytelling is in his use of music in the film. The music was limited to four sequences; in the first, Butch Cassidy (takes Etta who is Sundance’s girl out for a morning ride on the bicycle. The music that is used is â€Å"Raindrops Keep Falling on my Head† that was written by Burt Bacharach (Dirks 1). The second sequence uses an orchestra theme that is used to set out a montage of photographs of Butch, Etta and Sundance as they travel to New York City. The third use of music is seen when it is used to show the robbing adventures of Butch, Etta and Kid in Bolivia and here a pop them is performed by both a chorus and an orchestra. Music is also used briefly as an underscore in a later scene

Community Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community - Research Paper Example The discussion involves contact information of the resource, detailed type of support given, and summary of the reasons for the selection of the resources. Family Justice Center Family Justice Center is a community resource center that is concerned with domestic violence. The organization is located within San Diego, California. The following are the contact details for the Family Justice Center (Familyjusticecenter.org): Address: 707 Broadway, Suite 700, San Diego, CA 92101 Telephone: 888-511-3522 Website: http://www.familyjusticecenter.org Family Justice Center is a community resource organization that is involved in developing and supporting local families through giving hope to hurting families. The vision and mission of the Family Justice Center revolve around creating a future environment where all the needs, especially of hurting families can easily be obtained via national and international coordination. Through Family Justice Center, children are given the necessary protecti on, batters are charged with their actions, there is an urge to fade away violence, and increase economic justice amongst the victims (Familyjusticecenter.org). ... house.com): Address: 2095 North Indian Canyon Drive  Ã‚   Palm Springs, CA 92262, United States Telephone: 888-511-3522 Website: http://www.michaelshouse.com/ Michael’s House Drug & Alcohol Treatment & Rehabilitation is a community resource organization that depends of chemicals to treat or meet the various needs of the addicted citizens in California and its environs. The resource organization was established in order to addressing various problems of individuals who needed special assistance and care in order to recover from their addiction. The main driving factor that constantly makes Michael’s House Drug & Alcohol Treatment & Rehabilitation to continue to provide adequate and efficient assistance to addicts is the enhanced staff-client ratio by maintaining only 24 patients (Michaelshouse.com). Brain Injury Association of California Brain Injury Association of California is a community resource organization located within Bakersfield in California that continues t o provide adequate services to various individuals with brain injury. The following are the contact details of Brain Injury Association of California (Biausa.org): Address: 1800 30th St., Suite 250 Bakersfield, CA 93301, United States Telephone: (661) 872-4903 Website: http://www.calbia.org/ Brain Injury Association of California is a non-profit making organization that is affiliated to Brain Injury Association of America with a mission and vision revolving aroid being the voice of brain injury whilst ensuring a world where brain injuries are significantly reduced. Brain Injury Association of California’s actions and resources towards the community are guided by the concepts of strong leadership, service to entire humanity, and integrity. Indeed, Brain Injury Association of California has been an

Scenario Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Scenario Exam - Essay Example It is noted that Meredith Parker is a 36 year old woman who is a supervisor in a large department store. She works full time, leaving little time to spend with her two small children aged 4 and 2. Over the last two months, Meredith has lost 10kg and has now begun to experience episodes of right sided pain under her ribs, radiating through to her shoulder blade. These have become more frequent, lasting for several hours with episodes of nausea and vomiting. Following a GP referral and investigations she has been admitted to the ward for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She stopped taking the combined oral contraceptive pill one year ago and smokes 15 cigarettes per day. In pre-admission clinic her observations were: BP 140/84 mmHg; pulse rate 74 beats/min and regular; respiratory rate 17 breaths/min; temperature 36.8 o C, oxygen saturation 98%.Her waist circumference is 92cm. It is certain that with Meredith Parker’s case there are numerous foreseeable consequences that she is l ikely to encounter if appropriate professional procedure is not impressed. As clearly highlighted in the history of the patient, she is a smoker. Research indicate that smoking often rob the patient’s body of oxygen and significantly interferes with the body of the patient from recovering properly. As widely cited, there is need to impress exercise prior to any surgical procedure. Arguably, exercising increases the level of fitness of a patient and it also promotes quick recovery. However, this are limited to some period of time before hospital admission. Research suggests that before any surgery, a patient needs to be subjected to various diagnostic tests. These might include chest x-ray, CT Scan, biopsies, bone scan, ventilation studies, bronchoscopy, and perhaps blood work. These constitute the prospective assessment. However, one thing to content with is that these processes have to follow a particular protocol commonly referred to as ABCDEF. Certainly Meredith Parker has to adhere to the ABCDEF process. This way, she would be provided with A- Antibiotics shot/Anaesthetistconsulation, followed by B — Blood tests and Bowel for purposes of monitoring proper urinary output, then C — Consent from the patient in order to get be allowed to conduct a Chest X-ray (CXR). It is after this that Meridith Parker shall receive D — Drug chart, which would concern any previous medication/DVT prophylaxis treatment, she would then undergo E — Echocardiography (ECG) followed by F — Fluid monitoring and Food intake, in which she would be kept on nothing per oral (NPO) for at least 12 hours before surgery. In a rather practical approach to Meredith Parker, it is worth noting that there are various steps towards surgery that involve all these procedures in a very specific way and cover the details of management even in six hours post operatively. The first step is to take a detailed history about the symptoms. This includes presenting c omplaints, history of presenting complaints, social, family, personal and drug history. It is essential that all the associated symptoms should be checked. It is important to note if there has been any change in symptoms or if there is any doubt in diagnosis so that they can be checked again. After that, a detail examination is required. In our patient, we should especially

Social media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social media - Research Paper Example This paper shall seek to explain the manner in which online listening offers productive ways of analyzing the various forms of online engagement which have been overlooked for a long time (Crawford 525). Crawford asserts that online listening can be considered in several contexts. These contexts can be wikis, mailing lists, MUDs, blogs, RSS feeds, among others. Additionally, she says, â€Å"listening has not been given much attention as opposed to speaking-up† (Crawford 526). In this context, speaking up refers to writing articles or updating of status on the various types of social media. It is a fact that many people write their updates in order to catch up with their friends or inform the public of various issues. Therefore, there is need for the members of the public to read and comprehend what is being updated. This is what ‘listening’ of social media entails. There are three types of social media listeners, namely; politicians, individuals, and corporations. All the three groups face the need to listen to others by creating a social media presence. In this case, they may create twitter accounts which may give them platforms to listen to other people and be listened to as they interact online. In order to facilitate interactions, they can use the three modes of listening namely: â€Å"background listening, delegated listening, as well as reciprocal listening.† Crawford asserts that twitter’s use as a forum for background listening comes about as a result of the flow of conversations and commentary with few moments of concentration. From this, it is evident that Twitter’s conversations circulate in the background, just like radio. On reciprocal listening, social media I used by several politicians to update their activities, seek for support on policy announcements, among others. For instance, Gordon Brown and Barack O bama have Twitter accounts which they use to communicate to their supporters (Crawford 529). This is

Assessment Methods Essay Example for Free

Assessment Methods Essay Diagnostic assessment is a pre assessment that determines a difficulty for the student in a precise area. This type of assessment provides teachers with information of the student’s previous awareness of the topic, their interest and attitude before instructing a lesson (McMillan 2011, p 6). Diagnostic assessment information can be collected from Summative assessments of the previous lesson. It is important to note the expectation of what the students should know, understand and be able to do at the end of the lesson as this is an integral part of an effective lesson (McMillan 2011, p 8). Formative assessment occurs during instructions, giving feedback to students on their work to assess their level and determine the next level of work activities (McMillan 2011, p 6). This type of assessment takes place during learning and helps to improve the lesson as the learning is monitored and the progress of the student is noted (McMillan 2011, p 8). The student has the opportunity to improve learning during the lesson through the feedback and send them in the right direction of learning. Learning problems are able to be distinguished during the lesson and actioned accordingly, and instructional adjustments can be made (McMillan 2011, p 8). Summative assessment takes place at the completion of the lesson to determine the student’s level of understanding, their knowledge and can physically do (McMillan 2011, p 6). This is the aim of the lesson to decide if the teaching has been positive and that the students have achieved at the anticipated level of learning. Students are graded, teachers and lessons are evaluated to assess the effectiveness of the plan (McMillan 2011, p 8). The three assessment types that form the assessment cycle are an integral part of a primary classroom learning structure. Students with learning disabilities need to be assessed in the early stages of their learning to determine the techniques of tailored learning to be applied. Using Diagnostic assessment â€Å"effective teachers were found to have tailored instruction to students’ unique needs and interests, finding just the right materials to reach their students† Robinson, G. (2008). Teaching numeracy skills a Formative assessment is then used to improve learning throughout the lesson. A summative assessment is then required to determine the student’s numeracy capabilities. Assessment is an important part of the education curriculum, to enable an effective learning environment for the students. It also allows the teacher to ensure the lesson is tailored to the students learning disabilities and there needs to achieve the learning result desired. References McMillan, J. H. (2011).

Existentialism and Choices Essay Example for Free

Existentialism and Choices Essay Existentialists are commonly seen as being distressed with human degradation. Something seen as ugly and negative or as related to naturalists. However existentialists are more than that. In fact, existentialism is the works of a musician or a poet. The clear definition of existentialism is not what is commonly seen as negativity or as naturalists. Sartre tells us ‘it can be defined easily. ’ Existentialism aims at emphasizing ‘the individual character they are philosophizing. ’ There are two different types of existentialists that are confused with each other. The first of the two types is the existentialists who are Christian and the second is the atheistic existentialists. Atheistic existentialists make more sense because they are not Christians, nature, or God centered. Existentialism prefers hominocentric that is centered on humans not God. As the lecturer said, they are tired of people talking about metaphysics. Yet both share one similar thing in common, they both think that existence precedes essence. Essence is a particular object, it is all around us. Yet as humans, our existence precedes essence because we are not objects in the world. The way we identify ourselves is different from the way other things are identified. The way we identify ourselves from objects and animals differently is the choices we make that defines us. Freedom is what enables us to make choices and is also what sets humans apart from ordinary things and animals. Humans are always constantly becoming who they are for their self definition is never complete. Sartre believes that ‘a man is nothing but what he makes himself. ’ That is the first principle of existentialism. The man must be aware of the state of being indefinable as the first step because he is nothing at first. â€Å"‘I think, therefore I exist’ is the absolute truth of consciousness becoming aware of itself. † Only then will that man become something, his actions sets his life. His choices are making himself a part of who he will be in his future. These choices can be overwhelming because these choices come with great responsibility. Here Sartre tells us that a ‘man has a human nature, the concept of the human, is found in all which means that each man is a particular example of a universal concept. ’ There is more to a man’s responsibility than to its own individual self for it also applies to all men. There are those, called cowards and stinkers, who do not accept this responsibility by their decision because they are either hiding from it or just refuse to take it. When cowards make choices they raise excuses such as they were influence by others to choose this way. Cowards lets others choose for them and therefore cowards let others identify them the way the others want to. Sartre says that ‘cowardice is the act of renouncing or yielding. ’ Cowards are those with an uneasy conscience. However the stinkers do not want this responsibility. They make choices as for their own individual and not for all men. Then there are those who choose responsibility for themselves and for everyone else known as authenticity. They are creating a certain image of man that seems fit to all men. Authenticity is the existentialist value. It does not let others define them but hold them responsible in choosing themselves and they choose men. Humans are condemned with freedom because we are left forlorn and abandon. Yet who is making us feeling this way? In this hominocentric belief, the death of God does, his purpose does not serve here. This is why we make choices freely with no principles to bind us. Sartre says there is nothing written of the existence of God and we live in a world filled with men. Humans live in anxiety because there really is no guide to their choices. They live in anxiety because of the fear they are not being right. Men are abandoned and left in human condition. The uncertainty is the reason why life is dreadful. Since there is no God, there are universal responsibilities. The feeling of being alone with no God and no rules to help us with our universal responsibilities; we are constantly faced with some easy and hard situations in our everyday life. Every situation is different every time. easy situations, you are choosing either the good choices or the bad choices, as human you normally will choose the good choices. On the other hand, hard choices are dealing with two good choices. Despite the difficult choices, there are no wrong choices you can easily cancel out and the bigger issue is there is no basis for choices. No one can tell you how to make your own decision except yourself. ‘Reality alone is what really counts, that dreams, expectations, and hopes warrant no more than to define a man as a disappointed dream, as miscarried hopes, as vain expectations. ’ This is where the value system is formed. Your priorities help you isolate the choice that is not a higher value than the other choice. Yet when the priorities are not clear, anxiety rises and the pressure can sometimes be overbearing. When feelings interfere with decisions, it can turn into one big circle. You don’t know what you are doing unless you precisely feel it, on the other hand, you don’t know what you are precisely feeling unless you are doing it. Feelings will get in the way of our judgment of choosing. Existentialists place passion as an excuse and a man’s responsibility. Luckily, our moral character eases our decisions for we will rule out choices that seem unfit. We always tend to choose the good as we are choosing the good for all. Sartre is an atheistic existentialist who does not believe in God. Sartre believes that if he was mistaken about the existence of God then life would still be the same as if there was no God. We still will face the great responsibility and be alone with our freedom. There would be no difference, we still have to make our choices alone. No matter if we are a coward, a stinker, or authentic, our future relies heavily on our actions that is forming it. At any moment we don’t realize which one can change our life. That is what makes life exciting.

A History of Schlumberger

A History of Schlumberger Introduction Schlumberger is one of the world’s largest oil and gas industry. Where Schlumberger employs roughly 123,000 people in their company which representing over 140 nationalities and also working in more than 85 countries. It has its principal offices in Houston, Paris and Hague. Furthermore, Schlumberger provide the widest range of products in the industry and also the service from exploration through production. Hence, Schlumberger not just an innovation company but also invent, design, engineer, and apply technologies which help customers to find and produce oil and gas more efficient and safe. Schlumberger was founded in 1926 by the French brothers called Conrad and Marcel Schlumberger as the Electric prospecting company. They recorded the first-ever electrical resistivity well log also called borehole log which enable the recording of geologic formations penetrated by the borehole, in Merkwiller-Pechelbronn of France in 1927. In 1929, the company starts to grow quickly and logged its first well in the California, United States. Also they logged their first electrical logging in Japan in 1936. Schlumberger invested heavily in research industries, and it inaugurating the Schlumberger Research Center in Ridgefield, United States. In 1956, Schlumberger Limited was incorporated to hold the shares of multiple companies as a holding company for all Schlumberger businesses. Later on, Schlumberger continued to expand over years. In 1960, they formed Dowell Schlumberger consists of half of Schlumberger and half of Dow Chemical which expert in pumping services for oil industry. In 1962, the Schlumberger Limited appeared in the list on the New York Stock Exchange, the largest stock exchange in the world. Meanwhile, Schlumberger purchased an electronic instruments manufacturer, Daystorm in South Boston, Virginia which was sold to Sperry Hutchinson in 1971. In 1964, Schlumberger also purchased 50% of Forex and then created the Neptune Drilling Company by merging Forex with 50% of Languedocienne. The first computerized reservoir analysis program SARABAND, was introduced n the year of 1970. The remaining half of Forex was purchased by the following year, the name Neptune was changed to Forex Neptune Drilling Company. In 1979, Fairchild Camera and Instrument also joined the Schlumberger Limited included Fairchild Semiconductor. In 1981, Schlumberger also established its first international data links with e-mail. In 1983, Cambridge Research Center in Cambridge, England was inaugurated by Schlumberger and later on it was renamed as Schlumberger Gould Research Center after Andrew Gould, the former CEO of Schlumberger. In 1984, the SEDCO drilling company and 50% of Dowell of North America were purchased. Then Anadrill drilling segment was created by combining Dowell and The Analysts’ drilling segments. In 1985, Forex Neptune was merged with SEDCO to form the Sedco Forex Drilling Company and Schlumberger acquired Merlin and half of GECO at the meanwhile. In 1987, Schlumberger successfully complete their purchase on Neptune from North America, Bosco and Cori from Itali, and Allmess from Germany. Meanwhile, Fairchild Semiconductor under Schlumberger was acquired by National Semiconductor for 122 million dollars. In 1991, Schlumberger also purchased PRAKLA-SEISMOS and first created the use of geosteering to drill a borehole well more effectively. In 1992, Schlumberger purchased the software company GeoQuest System. In the 1990s Schlumberger also bought out the petroleum division, AEG meter and the ECLIPSE reservoir study team Intera Tehnologies Corporation. Furthermore, Oilphase and Camco International were also acquired by Schlumberger. Then a joint venture was formed between Schlumberger and Cable Wireless created Omnes, they will handle all Schlumberger’s internal IT business. In 2000, WesternGeco was created by merging Geco-Prakla division and Western Geophysical which Schlumberger held a stake of 70% and remaining for its competitor Baker Hughes. In the same year, Sedco Forex was left and merged with Transocean Drilling company. In 2001, Schlumberger spend 5.2 billion dollars to acquire the IT consultancy company Sema plc. In 2004, Schlumberger Business Consulting act as the companys management consultancy arm was launched. In 2005, Waterloo Hydrogeologic was acquired by Schlumberger which was followed by a few other groundwater industry related companies, for example Westbay Instruments and Van Essen Instruments. Schlumberger also relocated its corporate offices from New York to Houston. In 2006, Schlumberger complete purchased the remaining 30% of WesternGeco from its competitor Baked Hughes for 2.4 billion dollars. In the same year, the Schlumberger-Doll Research Center was moved to a newly built facility in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The facility united few other research centers run by the company in Cambridge, England; Moscow, Russia; Stavanger, Norway; and Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. In 2010, Schlumberger announced the acquisition of Smith International in an all stock deal priced at 11.3 billion dollars. This is the highest purchase in Schlumberger history. Schlumberger also announced planning to acquire the French-based company Geoservices which specialized in energy services, at the cost of 1.1 billion dollars with debt included. Schlumberger becomes the world leading oilfield company because of it can perform complete service in its field, including reservoir scouting, characterization, high technology drilling system, own production group and so on. Schlumberger owns a lots of daughter company which specialized in different field, and providing solutions. It also invested heavily in different research companies who improve high performance drilling equipments which can endure high pressure and temperature during drilling process. Sun Zi’s Art of War Theory Moral influence refers to measures and policies that align the people with the sovereign so as to be in complete agreement and harmony with each other. Weather refers to the contrasting changes of night and day, the coldness of winter and the heat of summer, and seasonal changes. Terrain means by distance, whether the ground is traversed with ease or difficulty, whether it is open or constricted and the chances of life or death (of an army). Generalship refer as the general’s qualities wisdom, trustworthiness, benevolence, courage and discipline. Doctrine law Refer to organization and control, management systems and procedures, and the command and control structure for the deployment of resources SWOT Analysis Strengths Schlumberger is the world’s largest leading oilfield services providers and one the global market leader in it industry which brings many benefits to it company. Generally, Schlumberger possess good company names, economies of scale, higher margins, revenues and other substantial benefits. Schlumberger not just the top 1 biggest oilfield services company, but also company that worldwide recognize in the oilfield industry. For example, Schlumberger ranked in the top 50 of the Engineering category of â€Å" The 2012 World’s Most Attractive Employers† that reflects all the students and professionals will try to seek job opportunities with the company. Besides that, Schlumberger also a company that consist excellent technology that strengthen the company’s name. Hence, it has technology innovation with 125 research and engineering facilities worldwide. It place strong importance on the developing innovation technology that increase the quality of product. In example, Schlumberger firmly holds their professionalism through years of experience in it field which to fulfil the customer needs and satisfaction by using its strong technologies. In addition, it creates more stable business and more likely to obtain other businesses as opportunities comes. Furthermore, Schlumberger has strong research capabilities which they always invested significant time and money on research and engineering as a long-term strategy to support and to expand their technology leadership. Schlumberger increase their services, products, tools, and equipment to maximize and extend production for the life of the reservoir. Schlumberger supplies various products and services including seismic, drilling services, well testing, well completions, subsea production, well production, and well intervention. Based from world energy news, Schlumberger generated 10.67 billion dollars in oil field services revenue with year to year increasing of eight percent. With these kind of technologies that Schlumberger can kind provide, it able to highly strength their company income and also it can evolve to superior technology in days to come. In a nut shell, the deep knowledge of exploration and production that gained through more than 80 years of experience by Schlumberger enable it to have much higher company standard in oil and gas industry. With the company’s history, it consist a strong brand equity with worldwide recognition. Thus, the deep knowledge that gain the company but as the company obtain a great profits and revenues that have empower the company to achieve one the world’s leading oilfield company. Weaknesses Schlumberger is a company with many strength as in the oilfield industry. But doesn’t mean it don’t have any weaknesses in its field. Schlumberger have daughter companies over 140 nationalities, which give it a wide range of production and exploration. But with so many daughter companies, there is lots of possibility an error can occur in certain company. It is hard to tracking down the progress in each of the daughter company. For example, in certain daughter company may consist of drilling failure. This may cause inconvenience not just to the customer but also the company itself. On the other hand, there also legal issues involve with Schlumberger with the accusation of fracking price. According to the Bloomberg news, where the company were sued over claims Schlumberger and other oilfield industry which Halliburton and Baker Hughes collaborated to raise prices and crush oilfield service competitors in the booming U.S. market for hydraulic fracturing services. Therefore, with this kind of legal issue involve with the company will affected on the company’s good name and may worsen some relationship with certain company collaboration. Schlumberger may also contain another weakness that is not active in social media besides facebook and twitter. The company doesn’t use much of the social media to evolve their company’s name. For example, the company doesn’t promote much of commercialize video on it new innovative technologies or production to fascinate viewer or even new customers. Therefore, without increase the participation of social media will influence the good name of the company. Schlumberger announce for the full year result of oil field services in year 2013, land revenue decline 2% in the North America Area. Where land businesses experience some weakness in drilling, stimulation and wireline services. The cause of the weakness can be related to the company’s innovation technology has reach its limit. Hence, this kind of inconvenience the company facing would lead to decline revenues. The company able to increased service concentration, improve efficiency, market share gains, and new advanced technology. Opportunities Schlumberger consist plenty opportunities based from the company global market leader in the oil field industry. The company can acquire higher percentage of oil discovery. The company technologies additional innovative workflows, advance software, and technical experts to help the company clients to enhance characteristics of uncertain exploration. Thus the company deep understanding of the geology of their prospective areas which the company exploration crew can extract the maximum value from their exploration asset. Moreover, Schlumberger also have acquisitions by buying out their competitor which the company could offer a higher level of project management and integrated solution for oil and gas companies. While others individual suppliers involved with exploration and production add excessive cost that increase complexities. As an alternative, Schlumberger decided to work on that by broadening its technical capacity and also approach greater integration capabilities. Schlumberger also have better exposed to expand in international markets rather than their competitor. For example, Schlumberger exposure to Gulf of Mexico proved to be important, aiding the 3 percent revenue growth in North America. While Schlumberger also has been awarded an 18 moth multiple services contract by Oil India for designing, drilling, and completing six horizontal wells. Where Schlumberger consist of high probability making a bigger foray into other countries in the near future. Besides that, Schlumberger contain the peak of increasing oil supply which will happen in the future. This enable increasing the demand for oil extracting companies and outlying technologies that can discover oil in difficult locations. Manufacture of oil from coal and natural gas is potential benefits of peak in oil supplies which Schlumberger gained. In future, the importance of oil will increase and the demand for these sources will be more expensive. Threats Schlumberger have one of the best technology in the oil field services industry. Thus, the company maintain the service industry’s longest commitment to technology and innovation. But there are many challenges ahead towards the company that highly competition with other oil field services companies, with great technology in the company that some customers will need to consider on the budget. Because great quality also comes with a high price. Therefore, other competitor may provide much average technology cheaper budget that can already satisfy the technologies needed of several customers. Hence, that will enable the competitor to attract some the Schlumberger’s previous customer to dealt further businesses with competitor. Schlumberger will not only deal with other oil field services companies of the budget on technologies but also the products and services of the company. Where Schlumberger’s competitor Halliburton supplies oil and gas companies equipment and service that helps extract unprocessed oil and gas from the ground. Hence, they may offer the same products and services which also allow easier attract of new customer. Plus they will analyse and came up with new innovation technology to deal with Schlumberger. Furthermore, Schlumberger also concern about economic slowdown occur on it company. For example, the SchlumbergerSema revenue of 870 million USD for the quarter decreased 3 percent consecutively as a result of a 17 percent decrease in Cards revenue following lower demand in Europe. This economic slowdown can cause weak oil and gas demand and also will influence the pricing reduction in the company worldwide rig. In addition, it will also effect on the company’s production and exploration spending. In order to overcome economic slowdown, one of the method is by expand the company areas and attract new customer to sustain the company’s business which able to use various type of business commercialization strategies. Apart from that, the energy producers rising costs for raw materials such as steel had help Schlumberger contributed to 120 percent growth in production and exploration spending between year 2004 and 2007.Schlumberger also concern regarding the high energy prices have prompted governments worldwide to increase taxes and change investment terms to producer’s profits to gain a bigger share. Which can cause underinvestment and simply exacerbate the problems for the company. Conclusion Today Schlumberger is the world’s largest oilfield services provider, with employees representing over 140 nationalities. The company rapidly developed international origins and a worldwide presence, becoming the leading provider of subsurface surveys. Schlumberger is faithful to its legacy of technological innovation. After initially leading the industry with its subsurface survey methods, the company now offer a wide portfolio of leading technologies to meet the needs of our customers in the oil and gas industry. Schlumberger has grown both organically and through outside acquisitions. Along with new technologies and opportunities. Certainly, Knowledge, technological innovation and a truly global workforce remain the symbols of Schlumberger today. Based from the whole process, Schlumberger is the global market leader in oil and gas industry that consist a strong business strategies plan. The company is accurate in grasping the opportunities with their leading innovative technologies. Hence expand the company’s exploration and production and improve their revenue in the global market. Besides that, the company also amplifying their company by using the history of the company and the excellent name in their industry to maintain their leadership in global market. In fact, Schlumberger committed to providing services and products that enhance their customer’s performance. Schlumberger delivers excellence to their customers which the company treat all their customers in a consistent and transparent way. With their extensive experience in developing and deploying innovative technology solutions, its enable to maintain the satisfaction of the customer and also shareholders. Furthermore, Schlumberger also enable to maintain a greater oil service between their competitor with the company understand and support the direction ahead. In other hand, the company strongly apply service focus, continuous improvement, and self- development. Lastly, Schlumberger consist of a strong integrity which the company recognize the boundaries and have the courage to act responsibly and sincerely. Decision making is one the company integrity, the company observe the right time and also the risk before move forward to a certain exploration and production. The high responsibility also holds firmly by the company to able to gained greater trust from collaboration group and customers.

Besires Theory is Fully Consistant with the Humean View Essay -- Ethic

Abstract One Humean view holds that motivation requires beliefs and desires, which are separate and distinct mental states. Beliefs are disposed to fit the world, and desires are disposed to make the world fit them. This view is thought to eliminate besire theory, according to which moral judgments have both a world-mind direction of fit by representing the ethical facts of the matter, and a mind-world direction of fit by motivating action accordingly. Here I argue that besires are fully consistent with the Humean view. The Humean view should be cast at the level of types, while besire theory is supported by introspection on psychological tokens. Existent Humean arguments against besires do not go through, and besire theory remains a viable option—indeed, the option best supported by the evidence—without rejecting the Humean view. 1 A Case for Besires According to the Humean view of motivation, beliefs alone cannot motivate. According besire theory,1 some first person moral judgments (judgments of the form ‘I morally ought to ÃŽ ¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢) are both belief-like and desire-like in that they represent things as they morally are, and motivate appropriate actions. For example, on besire theory my judgment ‘I ought to visit my grandmother in the hospital’ can both represent a factual moral obligation and motivate me to visit my grandmother without the help of some separate desire-type psychological state. Can besire theory be right? Not under the Humean view, for on that view besire theory mistakenly attributes motivationally hot, desire-like properties to a certain class of beliefs. It would seem that our options are highly constrained: either we embrace the Humean view, and characterize first person moral judgments as belie... ...o necessary connections between distinct mental state tokens, simpliciter internalism entails besire theory. 12 Shafer-Landau argues for a similar position, though he calls some beliefs â€Å"intrinsically† motivating. Shafer-Landau 2004, 147-48. 13 Only when we combine besire theory with an essentialist claim, for example, that no state counts as a besire unless it actually motivates, do we get the result that moral judgments necessarily motivate. This essentialist claim is too strong for any desire-type state, for even occurent, normal desires combined with relevant means-related beliefs can fail to realize their functional role. 14 One might think that the standard cognitive view of moral judgments evades the burden of showing how moral motivation fails, but thereby gains the burden of explaining the reliable connection between moral judgments and motivation.

Pressure :: essays research papers

Pressure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pressure, is the ratio of a force acting on a surface, to the area of the surface; it is thus distinct from the total force acting on a surface. Units of pressure are force units divided by area units. Examples of these are pounds per square inch, dynes per square centimeter, or newtons (N) per square meter (Pressure n.pag). Pressure has many influences and effects on objects. When the pressure rises, it affects the melting point and the boiling point of a substance. This causes the raising of the melting and boiling points of most substances (Pressure The... n.pag). Pressure can be seen and demonstrated in many ways; including air pressure, Bernoulli’s principle, Pascal’s Principle, and Archimedes Principle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Air pressure is the force exerted on you by the weight of tiny particles of air, called air molecules (Sample n.pag). The air’s pressure is caused by the weight of air that presses down on the earth, the ocean, and the air (Understanding...n.pag). Even though they can’t be seen, they still have weight and take up space. Air molecules are very spaced out and can be compressed to fit in a smaller volume. When the air is tightly compressed, the air is under high pressure. We are continuously feeling air pressure but we are used to the air pressure around us at sea level so we don’t consciously feel it. But when one travels higher the number of air molecules decreases and thus the air pressure also decreases. When this happens, certain symptoms can be noticed, such as a shortness of breath and the popping of your ears. This pressure is measured by an instrument called a barometer (Sample n.pag). Air pressure is reported in inches of mercury in the U.S, but elsewhere they measure it in millibars, also called hectopascals (hPa). Air pressure, among other things, is used to forecast the weather. If there is a high-pressure system coming through, then cold temperatures and blue skies will result. If there is a low-pressure system, then warm, stormy weather is expected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bernoulli’s principle is a perfect example of how the use of pressure can be beneficial. This principle has to do with flight and is what keeps planes in the air. It has to do with the shape of the wing on an aircraft. The bottom part of the wing is flat and the top of it is curved.

Plane Nuts :: essays research papers

Plane Nuts The date was May 26, 2005, and was a day that my life would change forever. I walked out of the flight attendant group interview session (a â€Å"cattle call† if you will) with a good feeling. Now, I played the waiting game, will I or won’t I receive a letter in the mail inviting me to training. What seemed like an eternity, in actuality was a week, I received the letter. I ran upstairs to my apartment, and on the way up noticed it was a very thin envelope. I opened the letter with a bit of hesitation and read the first line. â€Å"Congratulations Daniel Shultz, you have been accepted into training class 9-01 starting June 13th, 2001† I was ecstatic and already packing. Training was in Indianapolis, the core of boredom as I came to find out later. Training was six weeks long and brutal. My airline, American TransAir has the second toughest training in the industry. On graduation day, I was happy to finally go home for a few days before moving to San Francisco, my new base. August proved to be a tough month. My first flight was a 16 hour day. The flight was San Francisco-Honolulu-Maui-San Francisco. Of course, this makes sense, sending a first time flight attendant on a 15 hour work day. Needless to say, I learned very quickly from the experienced crew. The people were very demanding, â€Å"Bring me a pillow, bring me playing cards† After that day, I was like, â€Å"Bring me a gun.† My first angry customer came on in Maui. He was an obese man of about 50 years old and had horrendous sunburn. He had given the flight attendant in the front grief already about the plane being late. He, of course was sitting in my section. I walked by him and he uttered â€Å"Gosh, you know what would make me happy, if he these seat were a bit bigger†. I gave a sympathetic glance and agreed with him. What did he want me to do about it, get out my Handy Man kit and make the chairs bigger? My first year of a flight attending was like an actor’s school. I had to keep a face of constant uplifting emotions. I am a confrontational person and in that year learned to grin and bear it. I wasn’t very good at first. For example, I was picking up trash on a New York flight and turned to the lady and said â€Å"Trash†, she gasped and said â€Å"Fuck you†. Plane Nuts :: essays research papers Plane Nuts The date was May 26, 2005, and was a day that my life would change forever. I walked out of the flight attendant group interview session (a â€Å"cattle call† if you will) with a good feeling. Now, I played the waiting game, will I or won’t I receive a letter in the mail inviting me to training. What seemed like an eternity, in actuality was a week, I received the letter. I ran upstairs to my apartment, and on the way up noticed it was a very thin envelope. I opened the letter with a bit of hesitation and read the first line. â€Å"Congratulations Daniel Shultz, you have been accepted into training class 9-01 starting June 13th, 2001† I was ecstatic and already packing. Training was in Indianapolis, the core of boredom as I came to find out later. Training was six weeks long and brutal. My airline, American TransAir has the second toughest training in the industry. On graduation day, I was happy to finally go home for a few days before moving to San Francisco, my new base. August proved to be a tough month. My first flight was a 16 hour day. The flight was San Francisco-Honolulu-Maui-San Francisco. Of course, this makes sense, sending a first time flight attendant on a 15 hour work day. Needless to say, I learned very quickly from the experienced crew. The people were very demanding, â€Å"Bring me a pillow, bring me playing cards† After that day, I was like, â€Å"Bring me a gun.† My first angry customer came on in Maui. He was an obese man of about 50 years old and had horrendous sunburn. He had given the flight attendant in the front grief already about the plane being late. He, of course was sitting in my section. I walked by him and he uttered â€Å"Gosh, you know what would make me happy, if he these seat were a bit bigger†. I gave a sympathetic glance and agreed with him. What did he want me to do about it, get out my Handy Man kit and make the chairs bigger? My first year of a flight attending was like an actor’s school. I had to keep a face of constant uplifting emotions. I am a confrontational person and in that year learned to grin and bear it. I wasn’t very good at first. For example, I was picking up trash on a New York flight and turned to the lady and said â€Å"Trash†, she gasped and said â€Å"Fuck you†.

Methods of Personnel Development Essay

1. Introduction Successful personnel development is necessary to help and organization to acquire a competitive edge in the market. A well trained and competent workforce and help and organization cut a competitive edge in the market which the competing organizations may find hard to replicate the long run.   Efficient methods of personnel development are necessary for the success of the organization. Personnel have become an important concern for all managers in all industry.   This has been promoted by the problems which have been experienced in hiring of personnel who can meet the required standards to deliver the needed services.   The current strategic human resource management has recognized employees as the most important asset that an organization has. In this regard it has become of paramount important for organization to carry out effective staff development programs which are likely to meet the required work standards.   There has been increasing for the organization to carry out effective individual training programs which will meet the demands of their customers.   When most organization have been emphasizing for the downsizing of their employee, it has become important for them to ensure that it effective training programs which will ensure there is overall growth. (Consulting, 2000) For an organization to ensure that there is effective growth of its workforce, employee training and development has become a priority rather than an option.   There are many organizations which have been carrying out training programs but which have not resulted to the required results.   Training and development  Ã‚   is usually an integral and an expensive part of the human resource department and therefore there should be all efforts aimed at ensuring that there is overall success of the exercise. Effective training and development programs are necessary in order to ensure that there is overall growth of the worker. The most important factor that can help the organization to carryout effective personnel development is to understand the goals of the organization and therefore work to achieve these goals.   The organization goal will assist the organization to come up with effective design and implementation of the organization. Efficient personnel development program are therefore necessary to ensure that the organization cuts a competitive edge in the market. (Jenning, 1996) 2. Success factors for training There are important factors in the overall development process that must be taken into consideration to have effective personnel development. The most important factor that the organizations need to realise in the design and implementation of personnel development is the mission and vision of the organization. This will help the management to become committed to the overall process of personnel development in the most efficient way.   The company should also evaluate the relative risk of exposure which is presented by the compliance requirement and therefore use this as an effective way of prioritizing the needs for planning training.   The management will also involve the key line representatives in order to design and implement train interventions. This means that training should be viewed as a way of helping the organization to remain competitive and not as a necessary evil.   The management should also be keep away of the focus of the training activities and the role  Ã‚   that the activities are intended to achieve and help the organization to achieve in its overall objectives. (Bowie and Jordan, 2001) There are important characteristic which are used to identify a successful training program.   The following are the common characteristics of a successful training in an organization;  · There should be a clear understating of the goals of the organization and the needs of all the line managers for training and development.   This means that   the training programs will be based on these key strategies which are likely to support the   goal of the organization  · There should be involvement of the key line personnel in the selection, design and the scheduling of training.  · The style for delivering the training program must focus on the adult learning concepts  Ã‚   including the relevant content of the course.  · The training activities should be seen as an integral part of the overall training place for the organization and not an individual or a one time event that will come and go.  · There should be a high accountability for the result which will justify the purpose for training.   There should be effective evaluation, measurement and a well organization reporting of the results of training.  · There should be frequent communication between the organization management and the person who are overseeing training program. This will ensure that there is overall support for the training programs and the enforcement of the training values. 3. In house vs. Third party training There are two broad methods which are used to deliver training programs.   These include the in-house training and the third party training program.   The organization is likely to choose the most efficient method that will ensure that there is delivery of the most efficient training program. In-house training will involve when an organization uses the instructor who are a part of the organization.   This employs will also be trained as they continue with their work which means there will less loss of time and the productivity for the organization will not be affected. However this method is likely to result to low employee expectation from the training program since they are likely to learn what they have been practicing. (Rouda and Kusy, 2005) The third party training take place when and organization brings in an extern expert. External experts are likely to come with new experience for the organization which will reinforce the development of the workforce.   Under this method the organization can also decide to take its staff for an external training program which will take place outside the organization.   This method is likely to be more effective since the staff will be expecting to learn new things from what they have been practicing in the organization. In the course of training there are different ways that can be used by the organization to source for training materials.   The organization can develop its own materials in the organization which will be in-house material development. The organizations can also source for material outside through purchase or leasing.  Ã‚   When the organization hires third party to come and training the staff, the conditions for hiring can also be that the third party will be expected to come with training materials. In order to select the best combination for the trainer and the program, the organization should be important consideration including the experience, time for development of the program, resources available, the money available for the program and the cost of the options, the expected quality, the training needs for the organization and the credibility of the method that will be used. 4. Program design The program design describes the way the overall training program will be planned.   Program design consist of   important   aspect of the training   including the conduction of the needs analysis for the   company, the prioritizing o the need in the training place, definition of the   course objectives to match the   training needs, and the selection of   the training formats that will be used in the   training program. a) Need analysis A need analysis is carried out in order to identify the  Ã‚   area in which the organization needs to carry out training.   The need analysis is the first step in determine the whole training program. The need analysis should be carried out comprehensively in order to understand the specific area under in which the training will emphasize. Usually a need analysis will come up with a long list of needs that the organization will have to look at. In need analyses there are three types of data that the trainer will have to collect. The pre-training behaviour will give the knowledge that the trainees have. The post training behaviour will give the expectation from the training that the organization wants to achieve through training.   The workplace reinforcement and constraints will give the factors for the job which can help or hinder the trainees in applying what they will have learned. (Jenning, 1996) b)    Course objectives This should identify the specific objectives that the training will achieve. Identification of the course objective is likely to increase the effectiveness of training and evaluation of needs assessment.   Basically three types of course objectives will have to be looked at. These include the planning objectives, the process objectives and the learning objectives.   This will help in the formatting of the training. c)    Training format There are different formats that can be used to deliver training.   The best format that an organization can choose is the one which will create a setting an environment which is most conducive to learn.   The format has to be flexible.   There are formal and informal training formats Informal training format will include format like one on one tutoring which   can be teem consuming but very effective,   use groups, discussion groups and   newsletters.   On the other hand formal training formats include formats like classroom training like lectures or demonstration, video or audio, computer based trailing, satellite training, teleconferencing, use of simulations, use of manuals, and on   job training.   The formal training methods have become most common used in organisational training since they are more effective and have been supported by the emerging technologies. (Consulting, 2000) d)    Program delivery This is the most important part in the training process. The way the training will be delivered is important in determining how it will be effective to achieve the goals of the training.   Delivery of training should be based on principle of adult learning since most of the employees who undergo training are adults.   There sold a proven adults-instructions practices rather than the traditional classroom delivery method which is likely to compromise the quality of training. e)    E-learning With the increased use of technology in the world, e-learning is also rising to be an important factor in the training programs. E-learning involves the process of delivering learning through the use of person computer. It is widely used in education institution but it is also fining it place in the employee training programs. In employee training e-learning has been providing an effective time saving method of learning as compared to other methods.   It is also easy to carry training from any part of the world can therefore can be used when an organisation choose third party training. However it is expensive since al the employees will need to have a computer. 5. How adults learn According to the learning theories, it has been shown that adults learn different from how children learn.   Unlike children, adults are likely to relate what they hear to their experience and the knowledge they have gathered over time.   Adults are also good listeners and will digest what they are listen.   This means that when training adults, one need to have all the facts to their fingers and ensure that they are correct as challenge can arise at any one time. (Consulting, 2000) According to the adult learning theories there are important factor that have to be considered when teaching them.   First it should be understood that adults are less interested in the overview, they are more interested in what they are learning. They need to be given examples which can help them to relate what they are learning with their real experience. Since they are more critical on what is delivery any information that is likely to contradict what they know should be delivered slowly and in an efficient manner. The training should assist them to make connections with what they already know.   The pace of training should also be suited for their mind. Fast training may prove difficult for them while a too slow training is boring.   The training should avoid trial and error ventures and should reinforce the learnt concept in their real life example. (Jenning, 1996) a)    Designing training experience for adults There are important principal that the trainers must consider when planning adult learning.   The structure of the workshop should take to consideration that adult learns usual need some feedback which is likely to mark their progress in training.   The usually learn best when their own experience is integrated in the learning process. They should be given opportunity to ask questions and interact to share experience.   The adult learners are responsible for their learning and they prefer to share with one another in the process.   This interaction must be given a chance.   Adults are likely to learn in an environment where there is mutual trust and respect for one another.   Adults learners must be motivate din order to feel the need to learn. This earns that they have to be shown the important of undergoing the training and how it is going to affect their job performance. b)    Classroom instruction In order to ensure that there is effectiveness of the training process, there are important characters and method that should be incorporated in the training. some of the   most important factors in training include the   inclusion of discussion breaks time which agreed with   all the participants, ensure that the participants are comfortable, state   clearly the objectives of the training, make a preparation of   the material to be used before the class being so that you can evaluate them, use training aids and establish rapports in the course of training, ensure that you don’t interrupt the   participate when they are contributing,   be yourself and more flexible in the course of the training, answer all the question asked and provide constant feedbacks to the participants. c) Documenting available training courses In order to keep up with the course of the training resources, it is important to keep written records as they have been learnt.   This will help the learners to remind themselves of what they have learned in the course of the training. This is also important as it will help the learners to understand what they have been learning and therefore keep up with the course of the training. It also helps the management to see the courses that are available. d)   Measuring and evaluating training effectiveness There had to be an effective way of evaluating the learning process in order to understand the effectiveness of the learning process. This is very critical since it will determine whether the organization is really meeting its objectives or not. It will help the organisation to understand the important steps that are being made in the course of the training. There are many methods of evaluation that is used in the course of the training. The most effective evaluation methods that are used include the use of smile sheet which is one of the five point evaluation which enquiries about the quality of the instructor and others, there is also the pre-test or post techs which is used to measure the increased in knowledge for the learners.   The presets will establish a baseline while the post test will confirm any improvement that is being made which can be directly attributed to the learning process. An observation can also be carried out on the specific performance of each individual including the trainer and the supervisor.   This will detect any changes in the work behaviour which can be directly attributed to the learning process.  Ã‚   Work performance can also e used as a method of evaluation. In this case work performance will look at the specific job tasks and performance indicators. These indicators are usually well defined and measured before and after training.

Jane Eyre and Class System Essay

In Brontes time, the straight-laced era, family schema still vie a huge role in society. People of a certain fellowship would often look down on people from another straighten out. Class was something you were natural into. It was just about impossible to shift from i fork to another. In the novel Jane Eyre, Bronte presents a very new character in that aspect. Charlotte Bronte is vituperative about the correct system and tries to show that through Jane Eyre.Jane Eyre is not influenced by the favorable grade system, because she shifts between some(prenominal) secti one and only(a)s, has a strong character which enables her to snub the traditions of the grad system, and she does not judge others on their class, that quite an on their character. Jane is not fixed to one class, but preferably shifts between several classes. During her puerility, she is raised within the wealthy beating-reed instruments family (Bronte 1). However, she is not considered as family, b ecause she is an orphan.She is born into the working class and for that reason she is ill-treated by the reeds family (Godfrey 853). This becomes clear when John Reed addresses Jane you ar a dependant, mamma says you go for no money your father left(a) you none you ought to beg, and not live with gentlemens children like us (Bronte 7). She still stiff in this class position when she attends Lowood school, which is a school for orphans. At the age of eighteen, she becomes a governess at Thornfield Hall, and her position changes.Since she earns her money by teaching a pupil, her position moves upwardly somewhere between the working class and the middle class (Godfrey 857). In the fertile Mr Rochester she meets her future husband, but when she discovers that he is unify to another woman she runs off (Bronte 379). With almost nothing, she has to beg for food which brings her position to the let down class (Bronte 431). When her uncle dies, she inherits a large sum of money, wh ich enables her to climb up to the middle class (Bronte 500).K in a flashing that Mr Rochesters wife died, she is now able to marry him since their positions are equal. Jane Eyre does not judge others on their class, but rather on their character. As is mentioned before, Jane does not give way to one particular class, but shifts between the two extremes of the class system. In the offset printing Jane does not feel comfortable or so superior people. This might have been a result of her childhood during which she was ill-treated. However, she quickly learns to mensurate people on their character or else of their class status.First we capture how Jane feels bony to Bessie, the maid, who is the only one during her hard childhood who cares about her She had a capricious and headlong temper, , still such(prenominal) as she was, I preferred her to any one else at Gateshead Hall (Bronte 41). Later on we count on how she establishes a close relationship with Helen Burns, who is a friend at Lowood, and as well with dominate Temple, the head teacher. These utilizations are people from the refuse or working classes. We also see that Jane criticizes Mr Brocklehurst, who belongs to a higher class, because of his wrong and phoney behaviour.He tells the young ladys at Lowood my mission is to preclude down in these girls the lusts of the flesh, to teach them to clothe themselves with sheepishness and sobriety, not with braided hair and dearly-won apparel (Bronte 86). Yet, his own wife and daughters are dressed luxurious. The most important example is of course Mr Rochester. Jane Eyre often reflects on his character, but never really on his class I believed he was naturally a man of better tendencies, higher principles, and purer tastes than such as circumstances had developed, education instilled, or destiny encouraged (Bronte 193).Her love for him is found on his character and not on his class. Jane has a strong character which enables her to turn off the traditions of the social class system. In the straitlaced era, women were still considered inferior to men. At a certain point during her stay at Thornfield Hall, she expresses her opinion about this Women are suppositious to be very calm broadly speaking but women feel just as man feel they need enjoyment for their faculties, and a field for their efforts as very much as their brothers do (Bronte 146).This shows that Jane has a opposite view from the traditional one, namely that she thinks that women are equal to men. At a later on stage in her life, when she inherits twenty super acid pounds from her uncle, she also reacts different from the traditional standards. She wants to burst the money equally with her nephew and cousins (Bronte 505). However, St John calls this unlike to all custom (Bronte 507), because normally someone from a lower class would keep the money for himself.So Bronte shows that she has a critical view on the social class system by presenting J anes revolutionary character, and letting her break through the traditions of the class system. She is not influenced by the social class system, because instead of being fixed to one class, Jane changes from one class to the other. She starts out as a working class girl being raised in a middle class environment, and shifts back and frontwards until she finally ends in the middle class. She also evaluates people on their character instead of their class, and her strong personality enables her to ignore the standards of the social class.

Environmental and Competitive Analysis of Easyjet Essay

This report has been written in order to break away an environmental and competitive abstract of the get-go- approach respiratory tr spiel pains orbit from the position of Easyjet. It will give a brief history into Easyjet and the execrable-cost leak path intentness. It will analyse the internal strengths and weaknesses as come up as the external terrors and opportunities. Competitors will be analysed with and through with(predicate) the use of porters 5 forces model. Recommendations will be do for EasyJets foodstuffing strategies for the next troika years.embodied HistoryEasyjet was founded in 1995 by Stelios Haji-Ioannou who base the star sign around the measly-cost, no-frills model of the US charge operator S bug outhwest. The concept of Easyjet is base on the fact that short circuit flights at bottom atomic number 63 ar price elastic, meaning the kickoffer the prices the much stack will set off deep down atomic number 63.The deregulation of the atom ic number 63an look hose patience in 1992 authorised some(prenominal) European air hose to operate, fly and land anyplace within Europe. This allowed respiratory tracts to expand routes and operate within Europe with much higher precision.Easyjet was initially started from its hanger headquarters at Luton airport with dickens Boeing 737-300s pass flights from capital of the United Kingdom Luton to Glasgow and Edinburgh at a price of 29 individually way.To date easyJet has now expanded into tornadoing cxxv routes from 39 major European airports using their communicate of 122 aero jut outes. EasyJet has alike(p)ly expanded into having stupendous basis at not only Luton airport scarcely excessively Liverpool, Geneva, and AmsterdamBack in 1999 easyJet gained free caboodle exposure to an audience of around 9 million viewers through ITVs fly on the wall documental series Airline.The launch of easyjet.com in 1997 has bugger off an integral part of the disdain model an d has seen a huge change in the culture of appointment travel tickets. Currently easyJet.com provides around 90% of bookings right away and in 2001 hit ten million gross sales making it the second busiest travel website in the UK.Ryanair and easyJet ar in fierce competition with each an early(a)wise(prenominal) as they be the two hugest cheap air lanes operating(a)(a) within the UK. Since easyJets affectover of the low-cost airline Go in 2002 it has become Europes largest airline in this vault of heaven save motionlessness faces fierce competition.EasyJet Mission StatementA mission statement should be the ultimate goal of a firm and should trickle ingest into e precise department of an organisation.To provide our nodes with safe, frank value, point-to-point air assistances. To achievement and to offer a pursuant(predicate) and reliable harvest-festival and f bes appealing to leisure and business markets on a range of European routes. To fall upon this we wi ll develop our people and establish unchangeable consanguinitys with our suppliers. (http//easyjet.com/EN/About/index.html)EasyJets environmental commandment based on three pointsTo be environmentally cost-efficient in the airTo be environmentally efficient on the groundTo lead in shaping a greener approaching for melodic phrase, for example- coke offsetting- shaping future aircraft design- for example, the ecoJeteasyJet high efficiency = lower emissions = low f atomic number 18s lift digestA SWOT analysis analyses the internal Strengths and Weaknesses of easyJet a dogged with the external Threats and Opportunities.Strengths intimately kn admit, value and memorable strike off name fortified and swell up bangn drawing cardship figure in Stelios No Bullshit approachMotivated hands independently drawstringed at the easyJet academy very efficacious advertising strategies developed to reinforce the easyJet brand along with mass exposure through ITVs AirportGood knowledge of the market and effective responses to competitors attempting to steal authority nodes tent flap to a large number of main holiday destinations humbleer carbon emissions collect to using newer fleet of aircraftCost simplification with the removal of travel agentsHigh passenger intensityLow operating beDiversification into former(a) markets, car rental, internet cafes and hotelsFlat managerial hierarchy, therefrom reducing costsInnovator with regards to online booking and ticket-less travelWeaknessesFly only within Europe and no authorized intentions to expand outside of the continentRely on computer bookings to such extent that business would be unable to operate with computer failure or virus attack.No customer retention/relationship policy.No points scheme to reward frequent flyers admission fee to European airports allowed by the deregulation of the industry, which may depart in the futureOutsources many of its attend tos to trey parties which may be damaging to its reputation achievement of Easyjet makes it difficult and expensive to train staff readily enough.OpportunitiesLower costs furtherIncrease fargons unveiling of more countries into the European Union has increased potential customers and flight destinationsExpand into new routes, outside of Europe, and long enticeDecrease turn around quantifyImprove aircraft utilisationVertical integration to stub out outsourced functions of easyJets procedureGain first performer emolument with regards to using alternative greener can cells foundation of points scheme to reward and retain frequent flyersThreats revolt give notice pricesIntroduction of a carbon emission tax or other environmental regulations in the buff e coming together competitionCompetitors undercutting prices or offering alike(p) prices for a more efficient/better servicingAircraft maintenance problemsTerrorism reducing air travel numbersEmerging alternative modes of transport nature lost in event of well advertize inci dentDelaysPEST AnalysisA PEST analysis analyses the Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural and Techno sensible ingredient influencing the low-cost airline industry.Political FactorsThreat of act of terrorism upon airlinesGovernments applying taxes upon carbon emissionsIntroduction of more countries into the European unionEconomic Factorsincrease fuel costs and other environmental restrictionsEuropean Union regulationsProspect of higher security and damages costs due to the increased risk of terrorism. act increase of air travel through go on globalisationIntroduction of the Euro star currency is presumable to integrate Europe even moreSocio-Cultural FactorsTravel and holidays argon becoming more and more typical for a large percent of the UKpopulationContinuing growth of multi-national enterprises has flummoxd business travel to become more jetGaining customers from France and Germany may cause problems as these nations argon smooth very reluctant in using acknowledgment ca rds over the ph one(a) and on the internetTechnological FactorsAdvancements in e-commerce resulting in increased online competitionImprovements in locomotive engine engineering science will allow easyJets planes to plump more efficiently and reduce emissionsIncreases in fuel technology offering easyJet alternative fuel sources ushers 5 forces modelPorters 5 forces model looks at the threat of substitutes, the threat of new entrants, the power of suppliers, the power of buyers and the rivalry among lively firms to analyse the competitiveness within a authentic industry.The threat of substitutesFairly low threat from other modes of transport as the cost and time advantage clearly separates the low cost airlines from the luxury and puff of air offered from substitutes such as high speed train services. For example London to Glasgow takes 6 hours on a train and costs around 80 whereas Easyjet offers the service in 1 hour only be 29.Regarding travel into mainland Europe the dista nce is far besides great for train, car and ferry travel to be a realistic worthwhile substitute. For example if a customer was to drive to the south of France for a short weekend break the travel would take withal long for it to be realistic and practical devolve on .The threat of new entrantsLimited capacity at suitable airports means any new airline would find it hard to find suitable take off and landing slots.Huge start up capital required for the purchase of aircraftNew entrants would be working as a loss leader for a number of years due to the large initial expensesThe low cost airline industry within the UK is fairly mature nevertheless as easyJet were one of the initial firms into this industry they hold a strong position. However within the rest of Europe there are many holiday operators who are attempting to enter the low cost airline industry themselves.The power of suppliersThe price of fuel is necessitately colligate to the cost of oil which is ever increase. Eas yjet rely on being able to obtain fuel but corroborate no control over the price.Aircraft manufactures are extremely concentrated within the industry with Boeing and Airbus the two main manufactures. The dependence of spare parts from a certain manufactures could pose a risk.The more Easyjet expands the more power it will hold over its suppliers through gaining economies of scale.The power of buyersBuyer power within the airline industry, especially the low cost sector is especially strong as customers practically disclose around and try to find the best price. This operator has been extended through the introduction of many online flight search engines such as travelsupermarket.com and lastminute.com.The Civil aviation authority (CAA) provides protection against(1) the consequences of travel organisers failure for people who buy package holidays, charter flights and discounted scheduled air tickets and(2) licences airlines and ensures compliance with requirements of European an d UK legislation relating to pecuniary resources, obligation and insurance of airlines.Customers experience no negative let of switching supplier so are happy to do so.Rivalry among existing firmsRyan Air, BMI baby, MyTravelite, Jet2 and Buzz are all competitors with the UK low cost airline industry but Ryan Air is the only one of these to have succeeded and shown a continuously yearly profit.British Airways and other traditional flight operators flying from the UK are competitors but on a much lower panic attack as they are targeting polar market segments at that place are over one hundred European based low cost airlines,many of them are very petty(a) but still act as competition for easyJet.Different Types of competitorsSimilar limited same product, technology and target marketSimilar general Same product area but serving different segmentsDifferent specific Same indispensableness satisfied by very different meansDifferent general Competing for discretionary spend(Br assington, pg 866)In relation to Easyjet the homogeneous specific competitors are the other no-frills low cost airlines, operating within Europe. The largest firm that fits this precondition is Ryan Air thus they are easyJets anchor competitor. Other no-frills low cost airlines operating within the UK include Jet2, bmibaby and Flybe.The similar general competitors are other airlines that operate within Europe but which are targeting a different type of clientele. at bottom the UK the largest operators are British Airways and Virgin but two of these operators tend to concentrate on the more velocity class expensive business flights. They are to a fault not in direct competition with Easyjet as they offer flights all over the world and are not restricted to just within Europe.The different specific competitors are firms which offer travel into Europe by means other than air travel. This would be the channel tunnel operator Euro tunnel and the position channel ferry operators su ch as P&O, Brittany or Stena Line.These are not in direct competition as the main differentiation is that on both the channel tunnel and the ferry carrefour people can take their cars onboard. It is also a much longer process so unless tour the west coast of France weekend breaks would seem alternatively pointless as the duration of the ferry would be too long.Different general competitors could be firms offering holidays and trips within the UK where no air travel is needed at all. Different general competitors could also be firms supplying other luxury items that may be bought instead of a holiday, such as a new car.Competitor analysisAs the range of competition passim these groups (above), is at varying intensities the similar specific and similar general groups will be broken down into four segments for ease of analysis. Competition will be analysed through a competitor analysis.Who are our competitors? department 1Ryanair Easyjets direct competitorsSegment 2Other UK based low-cost airlines Jet2, flybe, bmibaby,Segment 3Standard UK based airlines British Airways, Virgin Atlantic, KLM and BMISegment 4European based low-cost airlines in that location are over 100 European low cost airlines such as Condor, gwings, SkyEurope and Blu Express.AssumptionsIt is inevitable that the continuous growth in the low cost airline industry will begin to slake down as the industry is becomes saturated. It is believed that the current mass of operators will be whittled down to a handful of major airlines. A large number of the littler low cost airlines that will un bendably fight back to compete will be involved in take-overs allowing the bigger players in the industry to continue to grow.What are our competitors strengths and weaknesses?RyanAir StrengthsWell known and respected brand nameLow costs due to low airport chargesHigh internet booking ratioHigh aircraft utilisationUse individual type of aircraftFast turn around quantifyHigh seat densityRyanAir Weakness esRecent reports of poor customer serviceNegative pressAirports are often long distance from travellers end destinationUK based low cost airline StrengthsAll have their own website for bookings and ticket-less travelSome have strong financial backingFast turnaround timeLow operating costsUK based low cost airline WeaknessesRelatively small in comparison to easyJet and RyanAir bigger advertising costsSmall network of routesCompeting in competitive industry resulting in many mergers and take-oversqualified to the use of certain airportsStandard UK based airlines StrengthsRespected and well known brand namesWorldwide serviceStrong financial backingRespected regulation of serviceStandard UK based airlines WeaknessesLow aircraft utilisation (compared to easyJet)High costsHigh pricesEuropean low-cost airline StrengthsUse ofsingle currency (Euro) can reduce costs appressed to emerging markets (Eastern Europe)Low costsWell know brand names, in their respected home countriesEuropean low-cos t airline WeaknessesRelatively small compared to easyJet and RyanAirVirtually extraterrestrial being in the UKCompeting in fierce industry cut back use of certain airportsWhat are our competitors objectives?RyanAir RyanAirs objective is to firmly establish itself as Europes leading low-fares scheduled passenger airline through continued improvements and expanded offerings of its low-fares service.RyanAir aims to offer low fares that generate increased passenger merchandise while maintaining a continuous focus on cost-containment and operating efficiencies. (Ryanair.com)UK based low cost airlines ab initio the UK based low cost airlines objectives are to give out in the industry by change magnitude their market share. The inevitable saturation of the market will cause many of the smaller low cost airlines to be merged or taken over by the larger players. In order to avoid this smaller low cost airlines need to differentiate themselves from the congregation or gain a unique s ell point through lower costs, excellent customer services or exploiting new routes.Standard UK based airlines Aim to continue their dominance of flights in and out of the UK by emphasising the quality of the service they provide. They also plan to reduce prices in order to shorten the falling out between themselves and the low cost airlines.European bases low cost airlines European low cost airlines need to survive in the market by increasing their market share. This could be established by increasing their network routes or branching into un-targeted countries within Europe. It is also plausible that mergers will occur within this sector to reduce the risk of failure.RecommendationsEasyJet can not avoid the increasing oil and petrol prices which is bound to effect the industry sooner rather than later. It may be recommended that easyJet start looking into using alternative renewable fuel sources. If easyJet can get hold of the technology to run their fleet of planes on a greene r fuel they may gain first mover advantage and capture large amounts of the competitions customers.Over the next three years it would be recommended that easyJet focus on connective the dots of their European network rather than attempting long haul flights as this would be difficult and would carry a large initial risk. If easyJet could join the dots in their European network it would fight off the competition from the emerging low cost airlines attempting to grow within the industry. closedownIn conclusion easyJet have built a strong brand which has positioned them in an excellent stake within the low cost sector of the airline industry. With this sector of the industry predicted to grow, competition is likely to increase even more but as easyJet has already built a strong brand and customer base it is unlikely they will be squeeze out of the market. EasyJet need to continue its advertising strategies, reinforcing its go out and brand name to continue as one of the industries leading airlines. As the UK market is saturated and offers small or no growth opportunity, it would be logical for easyJet to focus on the expansion of their route networks within Eastern Europe. EasyJet should accomplish this through providing the routes themselves or merging with a competitor that already does.Reference inclinationBirds eye view. SWOT analysis of low cost carrier industry (April 2007)http//www.air-scoop.com/downloads/SWOT_Low-Cost-Carriers_Air-Scoop.pdf 7-12-2007Blythe, J (2006) Principles and Practice of Marketing, Thompson Learning, Bedford Row, LondonBrassington, F. Petit, S. (2003) Principles of Marketing, page Pearson Education, Harlow, EssexChannel 4 news. How green is easyJet? (May 2007) http//www.channel4.com/news/articles/society/environment/factcheck+how+green+is+easyjet/509642 20-11-2007Crawford,C. Easyjet SWOT Analysis (2004) http//www.marketingprofs.com/ea/qst_question.asp?qstID=3412 25-11-2007Hoffmann, J. Ryan Air Environmental Analysis, Discussi on of core competencies and system Proposal (2004)http//www.grin.com/en/preview/39017.html 25-11-2007Manzoor, M. Easyjet (2005) http//www.marketingprofs.com/ea/qst_question.asp?qstID=9339